Association between ABO Blood Groups and Hypertension among Adult Patients Attending the Diabetes and Hypertension Support Centre at Weija-Gbawe Municipal Hospital, Ghana
Sr No:
Page No:
28-37
Language:
English
Authors:
Aquel Rene Lopez*, Sallas N.K Mensah, Mark Addae, Akwasi Afriyie Achampong, Julia Kwakoa Karikari
Received:
2025-10-22
Accepted:
2025-12-06
Published Date:
2025-12-13
Abstract:
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 150 clinically
diagnosed hypertensive adults. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical data were collected
using structured questionnaires. ABO and Rh blood grouping were performed using standard
methods, while blood pressure classifications followed WHO and ACC/AHA guidelines. Chisquare tests assessed associations between blood groups and hypertension categories, and
binary logistic regression evaluated the predictive influence of age, sex, and BMI.
Results: Blood group O was the most prevalent (70.7%), followed by B (18.0%), A (10.0%),
and AB (1.3%). Most participants (68.7%) were classified as having Stage 2 hypertension
despite ongoing treatment. Chi-square analysis showed no significant association between ABO
blood groups and hypertension categories (χ² = 8.647, p = 0.470). Logistic regression revealed
that sex (p = 0.592), age (p = 0.766), and BMI (p = 0.785) were not significant predictors of
hypertension within the sample.
Conclusion: The distribution of ABO blood groups among hypertensive patients largely
mirrored the general Ghanaian population, and no significant association was found between
blood group type and hypertension severity. Demographic variables also showed no predictive
value. These findings suggest that ABO blood group typing does not contribute to hypertension
risk stratification in this setting. Efforts should instead focus on addressing modifiable lifestyle
and metabolic risk factors.
Keywords:
ABO blood group, hypertension, genetic markers, risk factors, Ghana, cardiovascular health.