Effects of methanolic extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf and its fractions on endogenous stages and recovered secondary oocysts of Eimeria tenella in broiler chickens
Sr No:
Page No:
9-14
Language:
English
Authors:
Markus Bukar Biallah *, Oluyinka Oluseyi Okubanjo, Paul Ayuba Abdu, Paul Davou Kaze, Goni Abraham Dogo
Received:
2025-02-26
Accepted:
2025-03-11
Published Date:
2025-03-14
Abstract:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the methnolic leaf extract of
Vernonia amygdalina and its major fractions on the endogenous life cycle stages of Eimeria
tenella in exprimentally-infected broiler chickens. Experimental birds were divided into seven
groups of two replicates and dosed with 105sporulated oocysts of E.tenella and treated with
extracts. Two birds from each replicate were sacrificed on days 5 and 6 postinfection for
histopathological examination of caecal sections. In addition, the secondary oocysts recovered
from treated birds at 7 days postinfection were evaluated for viability by their ability to
sporulate after incubation in 2.5% potassium dichromate. Histopathological investigation of
sections of the ceaca for schizonts and gametocytes revealed reduced number of schizonts and
gametocytes in the caeca of birds of the treated groups compared to those of the positive
control. Of interest is the efficacy of the mehanolic extract and the butanol fraction, greatly
diminishing the number of schizonts and gametocyte to remarkable levels. Most of the
secondary oocyts recovered from chickens treated with methanol extract, hexane fraction,
butanol fraction, and aqueous residue fraction had only 33.78, 1.94, 0.36 and 0.96% non-viable
oocysts, respectively, compared with those recovered from birds in the positive control group,
with observed sporulation rate of 95.46%.
Keywords:
Vernonia amygdalina, methanolic extract, fractions, endogenous stages, secondary oocysts, chickens, Eimeria tenella.