Macroeconomic factors and SMEs funding in Nigeria
Sr No:
Page No:
31-40
Language:
English
Authors:
Andrew E.O Erhijakpor & Okoloise, Linda Onyekachi*
Received:
2026-03-02
Accepted:
2026-04-01
Published Date:
2026-04-13
Abstract:
This study examines the nexus between macroeconomic factors and SME funding
in Nigeria. It employs data for Nigeria between the periods of 1994-2023. The specific aim of
the study is to examine the impact of Macroeconomic factors on SME funding in Nigeria. The
study employed the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique and the Granger Causality
approach to check for the possibility of a causal relationship between SME funding, and
Economic growth. The result of the study revealed the following: selected Macroeconomic
factors such as Real Gross Domestic Product, Gross fixed capital formation as a percentage of
GDP have a negative and significant impact whereas Exchange rate has a positive and
significant impact on SME funding [proxied as commercial bank loans to SMEs];Interest rate
and Gross fixed capital formation as a percentage of GDP have a negative but significant
impact on SME funding [proxied as commercial bank loans Total credit to Private sectors] and
finally, Interest rate, Inflation rate and Gross fixed capital formation as a percentage of GDP
have a positive and significant impact on SME funding [proxied as Commercial Bank Loans to
SME as a percentage of Total Credit]. This suggests that Gross fixed capital formation as a
percentage of GDP is a key or vital determinant of SME activities. Finally, the result shows a
uni-directional causality relationship from SME funding to Economic growth. The study
recommends careful considerations on the use of monetary policies instrument in increasing or
ensuring the availability of finance or funds to small and medium scale Enterprises.
Keywords:
Macroeconomic factors, SMEs funding, commercial bank loans, GDP, Inflation, fixed capital formation.