Inclusive and profitable dairy development requires more than participation in production, training, technology adoption, or producer organisations. It also requires equitable access to productive assets, control over income, participation in decision-making, access to markets and services, employment, leadership, and resilience. This narrative review synthesises evidence published between 2018 and 2026 on the socioeconomic inclusion and empowerment of women, youth, persons with disabilities, and dairy investors in Kenya. The review draws primarily on Kenya-specific dairy research and complements it with relevant evidence from broader agricultural, youth agripreneurship, disability, climate, digitalisation, policy, and investment literature. The evidence shows that women make substantial contributions to dairy production but may have less control over livestock, milk income, productive assets, and commercial decisions. Dairy intensification and climate-related pressures can also increase labour and time demands, particularly where unpaid care and farm work remain gendered. Youth participation is constrained by limited access to land, finance, skills, mentorship, technology, productive assets, and reliable markets, although opportunities exist in dairy farming and in commercially oriented enterprises such as fodder production, mechanisation, animal-health services, milk collection, digital services, and value addition. Producer organisations can improve access to resources and strengthen women's empowerment, but membership and governance arrangements may create exclusion. Disability inclusion remains substantially under-researched in Kenya's dairy sector, with limited evidence on accessibility, reasonable accommodation, enterprise participation, and economic outcomes. The review also finds that dairy investment is expanding across production, processing, aggregation, cold-chain infrastructure, feeds, genetics, services, and value addition, but investors face challenges related to production costs, milk quality and consistency, aggregation, cold-chain infrastructure, finance, compliance, and market risk. Overall, the review argues for a shift from participation-based measures to outcome-oriented indicators of asset ownership and control, income control, decision-making, labour, market participation, leadership, employment, profitability, and resilience. Given the heterogeneous evidence base and inclusion of contextual studies beyond Kenya and dairy, the findings should be interpreted as a narrative synthesis rather than as estimates of prevalence or causal effects.