Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Senior High School Students in Akuapem North Municipality, Ghana
Sr No:
Page No:
14-22
Language:
English
Authors:
Aquel Rene Lopez*, Joshua Mensah, Bless Hanyabui, Albert D. Piersson
Received:
2026-03-24
Accepted:
2026-04-27
Published Date:
2026-05-12
Abstract:
Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of interrelated metabolic abnormalities,
including central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia, which increase the
risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and overall mortality. This study aimed to assess
the prevalence of MetS among adolescents aged 13–19 years in the Akwapem North
Municipality, Ghana.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 184 students from
Presbyterian Senior High School, Mampong Akwapem. Participants were selected using
stratified random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires, anthropometric
measurements (height, weight, waist circumference), blood pressure measurements, and
biochemical assessments of fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and LDL
cholesterol. The data were analyzed using STATA version 18.
Results: The prevalence of MetS among participants was 6.52% (95% CI: 3.73% – 11.17%).
The most common metabolic abnormalities were low HDL cholesterol (46.74%) and elevated
triglycerides (7.61%). The prevalence of elevated blood pressure (1.63%) and high fasting
glucose (5.98%) were comparatively lower. A statistically significant association was found
between BMI category and MetS (p<0.001), with overweight and obese participants showing a
higher prevalence. Waist circumference also demonstrated a significant association with MetS
(p<0.001).
Conclusion: The prevalence of MetS among adolescents in the Akwapem North Municipality is
concerning, highlighting the need for early detection and intervention. The findings suggest that
excess body weight and abdominal obesity are significant determinants of MetS in this
population. Public health strategies, including routine screening, health education, and lifestyle
interventions, are essential for addressing the rising prevalence of MetS and preventing longterm health complications.
Keywords:
Metabolic Syndrome, Dyslipidemia, Fasting Glucose, Adolescents.