International Research and Academic scholar society

IRASS Journal of Applied Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Issue-6(June), Volume-3 2026

1. Phytochemical Profiling and Antimicrobial Potential of Mango (Mangifer...
8

Sachin kochak*1, Dr. Sarita Chourasia2
1Sage University Indore (Madhya Pradesh), 2Sage University Indore (Madhya Pradesh)
1-7
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20839042

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) seed waste is an important by-product of fruit processing industry and a rich source of bioactive compounds with potential pharmaceutical applications. The present study was carried out to determine the phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of mango seed and seed kernel extracts against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of some secondary metabolites such as phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and glycosides which are known for their antimicrobial properties. The antimicrobial activity was tested by agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The extracts showed concentration dependent antibacterial activity against S. aureus with maximum zone of inhibition was 16 mm at 10,000 µg and no inhibitory activity was observed for E. coli. Antifungal testing showed moderate activity against C. albicans with maximum zone of inhibition of 15mm at the highest concentration tested. No activity was detected against A. niger. S. aureus and C. albicans showed a higher susceptibility, which could be related to the effect of phenolic and flavonoid compounds present in the extracts. The results indicate that mango seed waste is a potential source of natural antimicrobial agents, which can be utilised in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and food preservation applications as a sustainable source.

2. Antifungal Resistance in Invasive Candida and Aspergillus Species: Mol...
1

Njaprim Edward Rihnwi*1, Mukube Kelson Ntuba2
1*Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Cameroon, 2Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services, Cameroon
8-23
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21369136

Invasive fungal infections, predominantly caused by Candida and Aspergillus species, represent a major global mortality burden that is increasingly threatened by escalating resistance to primary antifungal classes such as azoles, echinocandins, and polyenes. This convergent crisis is clearly exemplified by the simultaneous global rise of multidrug-resistant Candida auris and the emergence of pan-azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus driven by environmental agricultural fungicide use. To bridge the gap between isolated resistance mechanisms and broader epidemiological trends, this review synthesises contemporary data across four core themes: molecular resistance pathways (including CYP51A, FKS, and ERG11 mutations, alongside efflux and biofilm-associated resistance), the clade-structured transmission dynamics of C. auris, the environmental selection of azole-resistant A. fumigatus, and the therapeutic pipeline of novel agents like olorofim, ibrexafungerp, fosmanogepix, and rezafungin. Ultimately, the manuscript argues that fungal resistance must be managed as a complex "One Health" systems phenomenon spanning hospitals, farms, and the environment, requiring harmonised global surveillance, robust stewardship, and a reconceptualisation of invasive mycoses as a central priority within the global antimicrobial resistance agenda.





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