International Research and Academic scholar society

IRASS Journal of Economics and Business Management

Issue-3(March), Volume-2 2025

1. INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF QUOTED DEPOSIT MONEY...
22

Adeleye Tope James*, Balogun I...
Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba
1-7
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14995474

The concept of intellectual capital has gained a lot of popularity over the last 15 years, and scholars are currently engaged in an ongoing debate on how intangible assets help create corporate value. The study looked at how Nigerian quoted deposit money banks' financial performance was impacted by their intellectual capital. The study's goal is to evaluate how human capital affects the return on assets of Nigerian quoted deposit money institutions. The study used an ex-post facto research methodology, and the population consisted of all nine (9) deposit money banks listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group as of December 31, 2024. The sample size was determined using the census sampling technique. The nine (9) deposit money banks' annual reports and accounts provided the data that was used. The seven-year period from 2018 to 2024 was covered by the data. Using STATA 13.0 software, the study employed both descriptive and inferential statistics as analysis methods. According to the study, physical capital (PC) significantly increases the return on assets of Nigerian deposit money banks, while human capital (HC) has a negligible positive impact. Structure capital (SC) also has a negligible positive impact on return on assets. According to the study, Nigerian deposit money banks should focus more on the physical asset side of intellectual capital rather than just on numerical evaluation and improvement. They should also implement policies that will enhance and improve their human skill and competence in the area of training and development.

2. Financial Technology and Banking Sector Performance in Nigeria
7

Dr. Precious Onyinye Okey-Nwal...
Department of Finance,Faculty of Administration and Management, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt
8-14

This study examines the impact of financial technology on the performance of commercial banks in Nigeria, using return on assets (ROA) as a proxy for banking sector performance. A financial time series research design was adopted, covering a sample of five selected quoted commercial banks over the period 2009–2023. Data were sourced from financial statements, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletins, and the Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) reports. The study employed the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression technique to estimate the effect of key financial technology indicators Point of Sale (POS) transactions, Automated Teller Machine (ATM) transactions, Mobile Banking (MBB), and Internet Banking (ITB) on banking performance. The results indicate that ATM, MBB, and ITB usage significantly enhance bank profitability, while POS transactions have a positive but relatively lower impact. The findings suggest that digital banking adoption is a crucial driver of financial performance in Nigeria. The study recommends increased investment in digital banking infrastructure to further optimize bank profitability and financial inclusion.

3. ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF ELECTRICITY SUPPLY ON UNEMPLOYMENT RATE IN NIG...
7

Sabiu Bariki Sani* , Oyinlola...
Department of Economics, University of Abuja, Nigeria
15-22
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15094293

This study assesses the relationship between electricity supply and unemployment in Nigeria. Using a time series annual data from 1990 to 2023, the study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model bounds test and Pairwise Granger causality test to analyze the relationship. The bound test result revealed the existence of long-run cointegration among the variables as the F-statistic 4.433277 is greater than the critical value 3.23 at lower bound level and 4.35 at upper bound level. The Error Correction coefficient is approximately -0.571300 has the expected negative sign and it is also statistically significant considering the probability value which is 0.0026. After a shock, the ECM value indicates an average speed of adjustment to equilibrium, which can be attained with a 57% adjustment speed. Given the statistical significance of the P-values (0.0285 and 0.0045, respectively), the Granger causality test indicates a bi-directional causal relationship between ELS and UR. The study comes to the conclusion that Nigerian unemployment is significantly influenced by the availability of electricity since there is a negative correlation between the two, indicating that a rise in electricity supply may result in a fall in unemployment. The study, therefore recommends that government should prioritize investments in the electricity sector to improve electricity supply and reduce unemployment and also implement policies like Expatriate Employment Levy, Prohibition of Casualization, Redundancy and Business Transfer Regulations, etc., to promote the development of labor-intensive industries that can absorb the unemployed labor force.

4. CRYPTO-CURRENCIES PRACTICES AND BUSINESS PERFORMANCE: Evidence from On...
5

Emumena, Moses Oghenebrozie*,...
M.Sc. Student, Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Delta State, University, Abraka
23-30
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15094351

In this study, we investigated the extents to which crypto-currencies practices influence business performance by focusing on online shopping firms in Nigeria. The study used three (3) traded crypto-currencies – Bitcoin, Etherum and the United States Dollar Tether; hence, the independent variable is crypto-currencies practices while the dependent variable is business performance. A survey one hundred and thirty-three (133) crypto-exchangers who had traded crypto-currencies like Bitcoin, Ethereum and the United States Dollar Tether were sampled. The questionnaires administered were analyzed using descriptive, regression diagnostic and inferential statistical techniques. The multiple regression results revealed among others that there is significant relationship between crypto-currencies practices (Bitcoin, Ethereum and the United States Dollar Tether)and the performance of online shopping firms. Hence, performance of online shopping firms partly depends on crypto-currencies practices. In view of the findings, the study recommends among others that the Nigerian government via the Central Bank of Nigeria should regulate, control and encourage the practices of cryptocurrencies by using the global digital financing system software; this software would help monitor crypto-currency practices and be able to attract more crypto –exchangers, which will in turn contribute to increased economic activities and business performance in Nigeria.

5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS, GOVERNANCE AND CORPORATE PERFORMANCE BALAN...
4

Asian Asian Umobong, PhD*
Department of Accounting, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State
31-46
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15331119

The scrutiny of RPT has gained traction over the past few decades because of increased tax aggressiveness behaviors, conflicts of interest, business failures, insider abuse, asset expropriation and tunneling. There is a slew of empirical works trying to ascertain whether RPT is used for propping or for conflicts of interest. However, the result is mixed. The increasing management bad behaviors and weak corporate governance and its failures in mitigating abuse of RPT has heightened interest of scholars, regulators and other stakeholders on subject. The objective is to determine effect of RPT, and Governance on Balanced scorecard. The study used data from financial statements of manufacturing firms listed on the Nigeria stock exchange for the period 2003 to 2023. Hausman test, Multiple Regression and various diagnostic tests were conducted on data set. Related party transactions have significant positive effects on Returns on Asset, Net profit margin, price earnings ratio and customer loyalty of Manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Increase in RPT increases the performance of ROA, Net profit margin, price earnings ratio and customer loyalty while RPT has negative relationship with internal efficiency thus increase RPT decreases internal efficiency of the firms. Board independence increases customer loyalty and price earnings ratio simultaneously reducing internal efficiency, Net profit margin and return on assets. Chief executive duality has significant negative impacts on ROA, Net profit Margin and price earnings ratio implying CEO duality reduces the performance variables. Contrastingly, CEO duality improves internal efficiency and customer loyalty with significant positive effects. Audit quality has positive correlation with Net profit margin, Return on Assets and internal efficiency implying improved quality of audit improves the variables while correspondingly reducing price earnings ratio and customer loyalty. Outcome of study indicate need to improve efficiency of usage of assets, improve and sustain the internal efficiencies and customer loyalty as this will ultimately increase profits. Based on negative association of CEO duality with reduced profit margin and price earnings ratio, board chairman position should be separate from function of CEO to ensure independence and checks and balances while new strategies should be formulated to sustain customer loyalty and internal efficiency. There is also need for regulators and auditors’ scrutiny of RPT to mitigate the effects of earnings management if any as increased RPT associated with improved ROA, Net profit margin and price earnings ratio can also indicate RPT is used for earnings management.





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