International Research and Academic scholar society

IRASS Journal of Economics and Business Management

Issue-3(March), Volume-3 2026

1. NEXUS OF FISCAL DEFICIT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
2

Onoja, Ezekiel Felix*, Ofurum,...
Department of Accounting Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt, Nigeria
1-10
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18846762

The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between budget deficit and economic growth in Nigeria was examined using data derived from Central bank of Nigeria annual bulletin and world bank website. Data used for the study were annual data covering the period of 1970 to 2024. The study examined the relationship using multiple regression and autoregressive distributed lag whilst various diagnostics and post estimation analysis were made. The outcome of the study confirmed that budget deficit have positive effect on real GDP and hence significantly improve economic growth in Nigeria. Based on findings the study recommends that the efficiency of public spending needs to enhanced in Nigeria. This involves a more efficient allocation of deficit spending among optimal sectors in the economy. The extensive effect of budget deficits on the economy also requires that fiscal sustainability be ensured over time in Nigeria. The medium-term fiscal framework that forms the foundations of national budget need to be fully implemented in each budget cycle. Regular fiscal audits and transparent budgeting can ensure deficits remain sustainable while delivering economic benefits. The study further recommends that to optimize economic growth, policymakers need to strategically use fiscal deficits to boost GDP.

2. The Use of Big Data in Accounting Information Systems
5

Christiana Sunday Asangusung*
Department of Accounting Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt, Nigeria
11-16
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18859113

The fast development of digital technologies has changed the way accounting and financial management work. Among these changes, big data has become a transformative development, giving companies the ability to collect, store, process, and analyze large volumes of structured and unstructured data. Traditional Accounting Information Systems (AIS) are good for handling regular financial records, but they're structurally limited in addressing the speed, variety, and complexity of data that businesses now face. Big data analytics makes AIS better by allowing real-time processing, predicting future trends, detecting fraud, and making financial reports more transparent. This helps accountants and business leaders move from looking back at past data to planning for the future, which can make the business more efficient and competitive. Even with all its advantages, using big data in AIS comes with challenges. These include worries about data quality, making sure different systems work together, keeping data secure, and the high cost of getting it all set up. Many organizations also lack the technical skills and the right infrastructure to use big data effectively. This paper looks at both the opportunities and the challenges of using big data in accounting systems. It shows how companies can use big data to help with decision-making, improve auditing, make sure they follow laws, and manage their company better. The study concludes that companies that successfully combine big data with AIS can not only run more efficiently but also grow and gain a strategic edge in today’s data-driven world.

3. Sustainability Disclosure and financial Performance of Quoted oil and...
4

ADEDIRAN, Samson Adewale, EDIB...
Department of Accounting, Federal University, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria
17-36
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18963520

The inconsistent empirical evidence on whether sustainability disclosure enhances financial performance, particularly in environmentally sensitive sectors of emerging economies, remains unresolved. This study examined the effect of environmental, economic, governance, and social sustainability disclosures on the financial performance of quoted oil and gas companies in Nigeria. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design and employed panel data analysis covering the selected firms over the study period. Data were sourced from published annual reports and analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and panel regression techniques. The Hausman specification test guided the choice of the random effects model, while diagnostic tests including Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) and Breusch– Pagan test were conducted to ensure model robustness. The findings revealed that environmental sustainability disclosure, economic sustainability disclosure, governance sustainability disclosure, and social sustainability disclosure did not exert statistically significant effects on Return on Assets (ROA). The results suggest that sustainability disclosure practices in the Nigerian oil and gas sector do not significantly influence short-term accountingbased financial performance. The study concludes that sustainability disclosure in the sector appears to be driven more by legitimacy and compliance considerations than by immediate profitability motives. It recommends stronger regulatory frameworks, improved quality and depth of sustainability reporting, and strategic integration of sustainability initiatives into corporate decision-making processes to enhance long-term value creation.

4. Risk Management and Profitability of Quoted Deposit Money Banks in Nig...
0

ADEDIRAN, Samson Adewale, NASI...
Department of Accounting, Federal University, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria
37-51
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19189014

Profitability remains a critical concern for deposit money banks in Nigeria due to increasing exposure to financial risks and regulatory pressures. This study examined the effect of risk management on the profitability of quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria, with specific focus on credit risk, liquidity risk, and operational risk. The study employed panel data covering 2015-2024 firms and Return on Assets (ROA) was used as a proxy for profitability. Credit risk, liquidity risk, and operational risk served as the explanatory variables. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and panel regression techniques were applied in the analysis. Diagnostic tests, including the Hausman specification test, Variance Inflation Factor (VIF), Breusch–Pagan heteroskedasticity test, and normality tests, were conducted to ensure robustness of the results. The Hausman test supported the use of the Random Effects Model, while the presence of heteroskedasticity necessitated the use of heteroskedasticity-robust standard errors. The findings revealed that liquidity risk has a statistically significant negative effect on profitability, indicating that inefficient liquidity management reduces banks’ earning capacity. Credit risk and operational risk were found to have statistically insignificant effects on profitability within the study period. The study concludes that effective liquidity management is central to enhancing profitability of quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria. It recommends strengthening liquidity monitoring frameworks, improving asset–liability management strategies, and sustaining prudent risk management practices to ensure financial stability and sustainable bank performance.

5. Supply Chain Optimization and Operational Efficiency of Selected Manuf...
0

OLAFUSI, Oladimeji Clement*, O...
Department of Business Administration, DELSU Business School, Asaba
52-59
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19189139

This study examined the effect of supply chain optimization on the operational efficiency of manufacturing firms in South-East Nigeria, with specific focus on inventory management, logistics and distribution, and supplier relationship management. The study adopted a survey research design, and data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 109 employees of selected firms, out of which 102 responses were valid for analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The results revealed that inventory management optimization had a significant positive effect on operational efficiency (β = 0.322, p = 0.001), logistics and distribution optimization also showed a significant effect (β = 0.287, p = 0.001), while supplier relationship management had the strongest influence (β = 0.341, p = 0.000). The study concluded that effective supply chain optimization significantly improves operational efficiency by reducing delays, minimizing costs, and enhancing productivity. It was therefore recommended that manufacturing firms strengthen supplier relationships, improve inventory systems, and adopt efficient logistics strategies to achieve better operational performance.

6. EFFECT OF EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION ON ACCOUNTING AND PRICE PERFORMANCE:...
0

Fred-Horsfall, Fred Vincent*
Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management sciences, University of Port Harcourt
60-72
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20117643

The goal of the study was to determine the relationship between executive compensation and performance of financial institutions in Nigeria between 2013 and 2024. Purposive sampling method was adopted to gather data for the study. The study proxied executive compensation as chairman pay and executive directors‟ pay. Hausman test was adopted for selection of model and Multiple Regression was used to determine nature of relationship. Post estimation tests were carried out including test of stability for Regression. The study found significant positive relation between Chairman‟s pay and all performance variables ROCE, Net profit margin, market price and Tobin Q. Study also found insignificant relationship of directors pay with ROCE and Net profit margin and a significant relation of Directors pay on Tobin and Market price implying that reverse causality among directors pay on accounting and market performance. Board independence exerted significant moderating role while firm size contributed to improved Chief executive pay. Bigger firms are likely to use increase Chief Executive pay which in turn improves performance, The implication of finding is that theoretically the chairman is a good steward acting in the interest of the firm utilizing skills and knowledge to drive performance while additional pay helps to align executive functions with corporate goal mitigating agency conflicts and increasing performance thus aligning theoretically with agency, stewardship, Resource dependency and knowledge-based theories. The study also simultaneously rejects tournament and managerial power theory. The study recommends Increased regulatory monitoring and corporate governance oversight to prevent use of Executive pay in asset expropriation.





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