International Research and Academic scholar society

IRASS Journal of Applied Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Issue-1(November), Volume-1 2024

1. An Assessment of Potassium Bromide and Aspergillus Flavus Contaminatio...
15

Esoh Rene Tanwieh
Department of Medical and biomedical sciences, University of Bamenda-Cameroon
1-17

Bakery products especially bread are staple foods in the world and are recognized as semi- perishable foods. Usually, spoilage is due to improper storage. This work was aimed at isolating and identifying Potassium bromide and Aspergillus flavus contaminants in bakery products sold in Bamenda. The study was a cross- sectional study in which 25 samples of bakery products were conveniently purchased at random from different vendors and bakeries in Bamenda. The hypothesis of the study was prevalence of toxigenic fungi and potassium bromide in bakery products sold in Bamenda is high. The isolation and identification were done by their cultural and morphological characteristics by doing Lactophenol Cotton Blue staining of the various mould forms that grew on Saboraud Dextrose Agar and then examining under the microscope. The organisms found to be associated with spoilage of bakery products were strictly fungal organisms which included; Penicillium species (40%), Mucor species (26.67%), Aspergillus species (20%) and Fusarium species (13.33%). After analysing the samples, Penicillium species was found to be the most occurring in bakery products consistent with the study carried out by Legan J.D (1993), a clear prove that good hygienic handling of bakery products is essential, therefore, further investigation on isolation, identification and characterization with a larger sample size is very important. Qualitative determination of Potassium bromide showed that 40% of the bread samples were positive for potassium bromide consistent with the study carried out by H.B Alhanashi et al (2020), a clear prove that Potasssium bromate is used as a dough improver in backery products in Bamenda, therefore further investigation with a quantitative analysis and on a larger sample size is important.

2. Bacteriology Identification of Quorum Sensing Genes in Serratia SSP
7

Fattma A. Ali* , Ahmed Akil Kh...
Department of Medical microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil/Iraq
18-26

Cell-to-cell communication is exploited by a wide range of bacteria in order to monitor the density of their population, synchronize their behavior, and participate in social contact with one another. In the end, coordinated gene regulation will develop as a consequence of this mode of communication, which is more popularly known as quorum sensing. Acylated homoserine lactones, also known as AHLs, are the quorum signal molecules that are found in gram-negative bacteria the majority of the time. Alternative low-molecular-mass signaling molecules, such as Autoinducer-2 (AI-2), have also been reported. Nevertheless, these molecules have been reported. AHL-regulated Serratia phenotypes are diverse, biologically and ecologically important, and often braided with other global regulators. This is because AHLs are responsible for interacting with other global regulators. The reason for this is because AHLs are the ones that are in charge of controlling these actions. Additionally, AHL- and AI-2-mediated mechanisms, which have been explored to a lesser extent, are continuously being identified and researched when it comes to Serratia species. There are a lot of these systems that offer fascinating variations on the primary content. The goal of this review is to concentrate on the quorum sensing systems that are now known to exist in Serratia species, including the major nosocomial pathogen Serratia marcescens. This review will be conducted in order to achieve this conclusion.

3. Incidence of Gastrointestinal Parasites among Patients Attending the B...
4

Motale Miriam Mesowe*, Esoh Re...
Redemption Higher Institute Of. Biomedical and Management Sciences Molyko Buea Cameroon, Medical Laboratory Sciences
27-42

Intestinal parasitic infections remain a major public health problem in many parts of Cameroon, particularly in rural areas where Buea is one of the most fast growing cosmopolitan city where 90% of the population have no access to basic forms of sanitation. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections among the people living in Kumba, Southwest Region. The study was a cross sectional study carried from the 18 of January to the 18 of march, a total number of 100 fecal samples were randomly collected in different areas in kumba such as Fiango, Mbonge road, Kumba town and Kossala by giving stool samples collecting containers, tissues and questionaires with proper collecting procedure explained to them. And the stool samples collected were carried to a private laboratory for laboratory analysis and the stool were examined macroscopically to check for adult worms, consistency, color and abnormal features such as blood, mucus and fat globules and microscopically by the direct wet mount examination using normal saline and lugol?s iodine. The stool sample was latter preserved with 10% formolsaline and was transported to Bamenda for further laboratory analytical procedure which is the formol-ether concentration technique and the modified ziehl Nelson staining technique. Base on the work done the results showed an overall incidence of intestinal parasites among the inhabitants of Kumba to be (11%). And based on the 11%, helminth infections (85.8%) were more common than protozoan infections (14.2%) with the most prevalent intestinal parasites being hookworms and Ascaris lumbricoides (3%) and the lowest was Gastrodicoides hominis and Diphyllobotrium latum (1%). And also based on sex the results showed a higher infective incidence in men (17.4%) and female being (9.1%) with Kosala having the highest incidence (18.8) and Kumba town being the lowest (0%). A greater focus on intervention is required by improving sanitation and personal hygiene to prevent the spread of intestinal parasitic infection.

4. Vaccine Production and Human Resource Support in Ghana: Career Progres...
18

Maxwell Dextler Ampofo* , Rich...
School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi, Ghana, West Africa.
43-48

The need for enhanced local vaccine production in Ghana has become increasingly critical, particularly in the wake of global health challenges like the COVID-19 pandemic and other emerging zoonotic, neglected infectious and noncommunicable diseases respectively. The Ghanaian government's partnership with international organizations such as the Deutsche Gesellschaft f?r Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) and the European Union (EU) underscores a commitment to bolstering vaccine production capabilities. This paper explores the purpose, foundations, and methodologies of the vaccine production initiatives in Ghana while outlining the career opportunities for Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) professionals. The analysis emphasizes the critical roles veterinarians play within the One Health framework, the expected outcomes of increased vaccine production, and the mindset preparedness necessary for DVM students to excel in this evolving field.

5. Knowledge and Practical measures Employed by Food Vendors in the Imple...
20

Bourinyuy Sandra Ngalim* , Oli...
Holy infant university institute of health sciences yaounde-cameroon, nursing sciences
49-60

Food hygiene is a vital part of everyday life everywhere, impacting both producers and consumers. In most low- to middle-income countries, it has become one of the most challenging issues to deal with. A 2015 World Health Organization research estimates that 420,000 people die from food-borne illnesses each year, and that the global burden of food-borne illnesses is over 600 million cases, or over one in ten individuals. The goal of this study was to assist in improving food-related disease prevention measures at the Ministry of Public Health and Community level. A community-based cross-sectional study using systematic random sampling was the design of the investigation. Mvog-Betsi Market, one of the food vending marketplaces in Cameroon's Center Region, served as the study region. A semi-structured questionnaire including four sections of closed and open-ended questions with predetermined objectives served as the data gathering method. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 20 statistical software was used to analyze the data, which was then displayed as a frequency distribution table, pie charts, and bar charts. 81.8% of the 110 respondents that were enlisted for the study were female, and 18.2% were male, according to data collection and analysis. Given that they make up the majority, women are in charge of handling matters pertaining to food. Sixty-seven percent of the food vendors knew what food hygiene was. In terms of practice, the current study reveals that just 25.6% of respondents follow good food hygiene, while 74.4% do not. The majority of food vendors had poor food hygiene practices, although having strong knowledge of food hygiene, it may be concluded. The government should regulate vending activities and create training programs to educate sellers about food safety and hygiene, according to this finding.





Submit Manuscript